1 Samuel 25:18

Authorized King James Version

PDF

Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched corn, and an hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on asses.

Original Language Analysis

וַתְּמַהֵ֣ר made haste H4116
וַתְּמַהֵ֣ר made haste
Strong's: H4116
Word #: 1 of 21
properly, to be liquid or flow easily, i.e., (by implication)
אֲבִוֹגַ֡יִל Then Abigail H26
אֲבִוֹגַ֡יִל Then Abigail
Strong's: H26
Word #: 2 of 21
abigail or abigal, the name of two israelitesses
וַתִּקַּח֩ and took H3947
וַתִּקַּח֩ and took
Strong's: H3947
Word #: 3 of 21
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
וּמָאתַ֣יִם and two hundred H3967
וּמָאתַ֣יִם and two hundred
Strong's: H3967
Word #: 4 of 21
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
לֶ֜חֶם loaves H3899
לֶ֜חֶם loaves
Strong's: H3899
Word #: 5 of 21
food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
וּשְׁנַ֣יִם and two H8147
וּשְׁנַ֣יִם and two
Strong's: H8147
Word #: 6 of 21
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
נִבְלֵי bottles H5035
נִבְלֵי bottles
Strong's: H5035
Word #: 7 of 21
a skin-bag for liquids (from collapsing when empty); also a lyre (as having a body of like form)
יַ֗יִן of wine H3196
יַ֗יִן of wine
Strong's: H3196
Word #: 8 of 21
wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication
וְחָמֵ֤שׁ and five H2568
וְחָמֵ֤שׁ and five
Strong's: H2568
Word #: 9 of 21
five
צֹ֤אן sheep H6629
צֹ֤אן sheep
Strong's: H6629
Word #: 10 of 21
a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)
עֲשׂוּוֹת֙ ready dressed H6213
עֲשׂוּוֹת֙ ready dressed
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 11 of 21
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
וְחָמֵ֤שׁ and five H2568
וְחָמֵ֤שׁ and five
Strong's: H2568
Word #: 12 of 21
five
סְאִים֙ measures H5429
סְאִים֙ measures
Strong's: H5429
Word #: 13 of 21
a seah, or certain measure (as determinative) for grain
קָלִ֔י of parched H7039
קָלִ֔י of parched
Strong's: H7039
Word #: 14 of 21
roasted ears of grain
וּמָאתַ֣יִם and two hundred H3967
וּמָאתַ֣יִם and two hundred
Strong's: H3967
Word #: 15 of 21
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
צִמֻּקִ֖ים clusters of raisins H6778
צִמֻּקִ֖ים clusters of raisins
Strong's: H6778
Word #: 16 of 21
a cake of dried grapes
וּמָאתַ֣יִם and two hundred H3967
וּמָאתַ֣יִם and two hundred
Strong's: H3967
Word #: 17 of 21
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
דְּבֵלִ֑ים cakes H1690
דְּבֵלִ֑ים cakes
Strong's: H1690
Word #: 18 of 21
a cake of pressed figs
וַתָּ֖שֶׂם of figs and laid H7760
וַתָּ֖שֶׂם of figs and laid
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 19 of 21
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 20 of 21
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
הַֽחֲמֹרִֽים׃ them on asses H2543
הַֽחֲמֹרִֽים׃ them on asses
Strong's: H2543
Word #: 21 of 21
a male ass (from its dun red)

Analysis & Commentary

Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched corn, and an hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on asses.

Abigail's response demonstrates wisdom in action. The Hebrew 'vatemaher' (made haste) indicates immediate response to urgent crisis. The provisions she gathers are substantial: two hundred loaves, two skin-bottles of wine, five prepared sheep, five seahs of grain, one hundred raisin clusters, two hundred fig cakes. This represents generous provision for David's band—far exceeding his modest request for 'whatever comes to hand.' Loading these on donkeys enabled rapid transport. Abigail's quick decision-making and resource mobilization display the 'good understanding' the narrator attributed to her (v. 3). She acted decisively while Nabal remained oblivious.

Historical Context

The quantities Abigail gathered would provide a substantial meal for David's entire band. The variety—bread, wine, meat, grain, dried fruit—represented comprehensive hospitality. Her ability to mobilize these resources quickly indicates household management skills.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People

Study Resources

Bible Stories